Detailed sheet

peridot

Formerly this mineral was called chrysolite, although the “chrysolitus” of Pliny was probably referred to topaz, a “yellow stone”, a “golden stone”. Also called ” stones of knights ” because it would be the crusaders who brought peridot from the east to europe where it has been used to enrich the religious objects before being appreciated later as a gem.
The peridot is one of a series minerals which are silicates of magnesium and iron whose extremes are: Forsterite, a magnesium silicate without iron, sometimes called “white peridot” because often colorless or slightly tinted, and Fayalite, which is the variety with iron (its refractive index can reach 1.77).
The olivine, and its gem variety, the peridot, contain about 80% magnesium and 20% iron. The Peridot is a valued stone when it is of a beautiful lime green, it is also a constituent of certain meteorites (pallasites).
Dunilite is the trade name for a variety of the olivine group containing manganese, discovered in the late 1990s in the region of Kolonne in Sri Lanka. It owes its name to Dunil Palitha Gunasekera, its refractive indices, birefringence and density are higher than most peridot gemstones and it’s more dichroic.



CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(Mg,Fe)2[SiO4]

iron - magnesium silicate



PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Main color

green

Other colors

yellow

lime-green clear to dark olive-green or brown

Color of streak

white

Luster

greasy, vitreous

Hardness

6.5 to 7.0

Density

3.27 to 3.48

Cleavage

indistinct

Fracture

conchoidal

difficult cleavage in one dimension.



OPTICAL PROPERTIES

Transparency

transparent

Refractive index

1.648 - 1.705

Double refraction

0.032

definite, biaxial positive

visible double refraction

Yes

Dispersion

0.020(0.012)

Pleochroism

very weak

Number of colors

3

colorless to pale green, green, olive green

Absorption spectrum

497 - 495 - 493 - 473 - 453

peridot spectrum system

Fluorescence

none



CRYSTALS PROPERTIES

prisms in groups, massive, elongated or tabular, flattened on one of the prisms.

crystals system

orthorhombic



OTHER INFORMATIONS

Astrological sign

Aries, Capricorn, Leo, Scorpio

Month

august

Chinese astrological sign

Monkey

Exploited
sites

The deposits are quite extended, but very few give crystals of large size and quality : less than fifty locations are found worldwide.
The volcanic island of Zerbiget or Zabargad, which means peridot in arabic, (former Topazios, east of Egypt, or St. John’s Island) was exploited 3500 years ago, by the Pharaos. After being forgotten, it was “rediscovered” by some pirates, then again forgotten, until it became active again in 1900 and after abandoned again.
Some beautiful stones come from Burma, but also Norway, Russia (Urals, the Kola Peninsula), South Africa, Kenya, Tanzania, Australia (Queensland), Brazil (Minas Gerais), United States (Arizona), Mexico, Pakistan ( Suppatt mine or Suppet or Sapat), Sri Lanka, China, Afghanistan …

Other
Gems

Venez visitez

notre site web

voillot-joaillier.fr

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